DDD领域驱动设计实践：战略设计到战术实现
DDD in Practice: From Strategic Design to Tactical Implementation
| iDev Tech | 2026-07-18T14:00:00
通过真实案例讲解领域驱动设计的核心概念，从战略设计的限界上下文到战术层面的聚合根实现。
A real-case walkthrough of Domain-Driven Design from strategic bounded contexts to tactical aggregate root implementation.
战略设计DDD的起点是领域建模，而非技术架构。通过事件风暴（Event Storming）工作坊，与领域专家一起识别核心领域事件、命令和聚合。限界上下文（Bounded Context）划分系统边界——每个上下文内有独立的领域模型和通用语言（Ubiquitous Language）。上下文之间通过上下文映射（Context Map）定义关系。战术实现核心构建块：Entity（有唯一标识的领域对象）、Value Object（无标识的不可变对象）、Aggregate Root（聚合的入口，保证事务一致性）、Domain Event（领域事件，用于上下文间通信）、Repository（聚合的持久化接口）。关键原则：一个事务只修改一个聚合。常见误区最常见的错误是"贫血模型"——Entity只有getter/setter没有业务逻辑，所有逻辑堆在Service层。DDD要求将业务规则封装在领域对象内部。另一个误区是过度设计——不是所有系统都需要DDD，简单CRUD系统用事务脚本（Transaction Script）更合适。
Strategic DesignDDD starts with domain modeling, not technical architecture. Through Event Storming workshops with domain experts, identify core domain events, commands, and aggregates. Bounded Contexts define system boundaries — each context has its own domain model and Ubiquitous Language. Context Maps define relationships between contexts.Tactical ImplementationCore building blocks: Entity (domain object with unique identity), Value Object (immutable object without identity), Aggregate Root (aggregate entry point ensuring transactional consistency), Domain Event (for inter-context communication), Repository (aggregate persistence interface). Key principle: one transaction modifies only one aggregate.Common PitfallsThe most common mistake is the "anemic model" — Entities with only getters/setters and no business logic, with all logic piled in the Service layer. DDD requires encapsulating business rules within domain objects. Another pitfall is over-engineering — not all systems need DDD; simple CRUD systems are better served by Transaction Script patterns.